Ancient sports are one of the ancient and traditional sports of Iran, which arose from the historical and cultural context of this land and have always had significant effects on the values, traditions, and norms of society. What appears from the appearance of this sport is the building and strengthening of the body and its protection; however, by examining the details in the context of this sport and reflecting on its customs and characteristics, other hidden aspects become apparent that make it a valuable source in the production and distribution of social capital. In this regard, the main question of the article is: what effect does ancient sports, with its characteristics, create on the social capital and culture of Iranian society? By examining the customs, rituals, and details of the various parts of this sport, how they were formed, and how they were performed, the present study concludes that ancient sport, in addition to strengthening physical strength and power, seeks to educate and train the character of a warrior and promote and institutionalize human character and behavior and religious ethics in the context of society. In this way, it can have a significant impact on the culture of society and increase its social capital. By containing components such as chivalry, humility, nationalism, epic spirit and zeal, trustworthiness, and social support, it can play an effective role in creating empathy and integration of society by strengthening and promoting trust and reproducing social capital.