This article examines the various dimensions of Iran's political security in the present era. Despite creating opportunities, globalization has brought new threats to Iran's political security. These threats are caused by internal developments such as identity crises, social discontent, and cyber threats, on the one hand, and by external factors such as regional competition, the influence of great powers, and economic sanctions, on the other. Globalization has increased the complexity of managing the political security of the Islamic Republic of Iran and has affected the system's ability to deal with internal and external threats. The expansion of global media and social networks has increased access to information and reduced the ability of the Iranian political system to manage internal security crises. Iran is trying to adjust its security policies in a way that resists both global and domestic threats. The main question of this research is "What are the main challenges of managing political security in Iran?" and "What impact has globalization had on these challenges?" In this research, by studying the existing texts and documents, 35 propositions were extracted and presented in the form of a questionnaire to a university statistical population that were graduates of political science, law, sociology, and engineering-technical fields for validity and verification, and then the responses were interpreted with SPSS software. Therefore, the research method in this article is a qualitative and analytical-descriptive approach.