Good (desirable) governance has been the focus of social science researchers in the last three decades. According to the latest definition of the World Bank, good governance is crystallized in the adoption of predictable, open and explicit government policies (transparency of government activities); In a report, this global center investigated the effects of unfavorable governance on the delay in economic growth of developing countries; And in this report, which is caused by concerns related to the relationship between development, democracy and various social issues, he raised the concept of good governance; And the results of the report are based on the fact that weakness in applying and implementing the principles of good governance is one of the most important obstacles to growth and development in countries. According to the basic principles of good governance, one of the most important contemporary and new theories that has a high ability to realize them; The theory of polyarchy is Robert Dahl; Based on this, this qualitative research with the method of examining correlations between variables seeks to answer the question: What relationship can be established between the political structure of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the indicators of "good governance" with Robert Dahl's theory of polyarchy? Based on this, the relationship between good governance and Robert Dahl's polyarchy is a direct relationship.