scientific journal Political Sociology of the Islamic Revolution

Abstract Social capital is a set of concepts such as trust, norms, relationships and networks, which creates optimal communication and participation between the members of a society and ultimately provides the mutual benefits of society members. Institutionalists refer to institutional factors such as traditions, customs, culture and religion as informal constraints and as influencing factors on individual perception, and these parameters play a role in creating social capital of individuals. Institutions are like the rules of the game in a political-social structure, and the institutional framework includes both formal institutions and informal institutions, which includes moral rules and value norms, the sum of beliefs and convictions that regulate human behavior. The institutional approach focuses on social capital as a dependent variable. According to the researches, there is a significant relationship between social capital and increasing the amount of political participation in different societies. As much as the social capital of people increases, they will have a higher chance to be in the power structure. Here, an attempt is made to explain the relationship between women's social capital and their presence in the Islamic Council.

Abstract Supervision plays a major role in improving government policies and functions; The purpose of establishing supervisory governance is to control possible deviations in administrative institutions so that by providing corrective feedback, while providing necessary information to improve governance and policy-making, necessary process reforms are applied in the political and administrative system. Judiciary, by exercising general and inclusive judicial supervision, and as the main supervisory authority of the country and protector of citizens' rights, has the duty to diagnose, prevent and deal with misdemeanors, violations and crimes by carrying out supervision and inspection. Using the analytical descriptive method, this article deals with the fact that the governance of judicial supervision at both internal and external levels oversees all the activities and actions of administrative bodies and ensures compliance with laws and regulations, preventing abuse of power and leaving the field. Competence and authority and compensation for the damages caused to the citizens in two methods of survey monitoring (information about the way of working and the good flow of affairs and how the laws are implemented in government organizations and offices) and judicial monitoring (dealing with complaints against decisions, actions and regulations of the government and It provides the provisions of the quasi-judicial authorities of the executive branch.

Abstract The current article discusses the relationship between energy consumption patterns and social capital in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The present article is descriptive and analytical, and the library method is used. This increasing and uncontrolled energy consumption trend in our country have shown the unfruitfulness of policies to optimize the consumption pattern. The trend of energy consumption in the country has a social and cultural nature. This article, regarding the social capital concept, examines the cultural and social changes in energy consumption and its optimization strategies for use in future energy policy processes in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Based on the published official statistics, social capital in the Islamic Republic of Iran is high in the form of horizontal trust. Consequently, by manifesting the crisis in this field and aligning it with natural disasters, one can create extensive propaganda through non-governmental organizations and make people aware of its consequences at the national level. As so, it can be projected that people will be aware of the reduction of energy and fossil fuel consumption at this stage. In this way, the consumption of the people of Iran will approach the level of countries with advanced economies. In this way, in the form of the concept of social capital, three solutions were suggested to apply this concept as much as possible in energy consumption reduction policies, which include training and extending the optimal model of fuel and energy / The involvement of non-governmental and religious institutions.

Abstract In recent years, with the occurrence of some popular protests, slogans have been chanted in support of Reza Shah's government. Slogans that above all emphasize the lack of accurate knowledge of the Iranian society about the real coordinates of Reza Shah's government and the enemy's cognitive war. A government that friends and enemies consider fair return to it and similar to it as backward. Regardless of the purposeful and planned design of such slogans by some opposition groups and Branda, the desire of a part of the Iranian society for this reactionary movement should not be neglected. A desire that originates above all from the lack of understanding and awareness of the society and is an example of the success of the enemy's cognitive warfare. An issue that makes it necessary to carry out detailed research on the nature of Reza Shah's government. Many thinkers have divided dictatorial governments into different types according to their nature. Based on this, the main question of the current research is the exact location of Reza Shah's government from this point of view. The available evidence shows that Reza Shah's dictatorial government, despite having some common characteristics of all dictatorships, is in full compliance with the military dictatorship. In this historical and descriptive-analytical research, an attempt has been made to cite some new historical documents, after a theoretical discussion about the characteristics of dictatorial governments and the types of dictatorships, the military dictatorship of Reza Shah under the three indicators of "the perpetuity of war and conflict in the bio-social sky" ", "sanctity of the army and military forces" and "creating a militaristic society" should be examined.

Abstract The issue of Imamate and Wilayat in Islamic thought and in the Qur'an and Sunnah, which are the main source of Islam, has a high and great status. In the Qur'an, the position of guardianship belongs to God, and with His permission, this position has been assigned to the Prophets and the Ahl al-Bayt of purity and innocence. Imam Khomeini (RA) is one of the people who used the sources of Quranic verses, hadiths, and prophetic and Alevi traditions and entered into the issue of guardianship. He has explained the subject of "province" and has opened a new way in writing and interpreting such a category for everyone, and they have taken a new and firm step in the direction of evolution, development and detailing of the study of province. He did not explain Wilayat only on the basis of theoretical mysticism and common discussions and terms, but he used three methods of narration, reason, discovery, and intuition, and the discussion of Wilayat in his works is presented in an argumentative, citation, and narrating manner. and his writings are understandable and useful. The present article explains Imam's view about the social and political role of the province based on Quranic verses. The aim of this study is to explain the social and political position of the province in the society while addressing the central role of the province with the documentation of the verses of the Qur'an, using the opinions of the imam.

Abstract Examining the role of social forces in political developments is one of the important and basic issues in political sociology. Social classes are among the distinct social forces that play a role in analyzing the performance of socio-political groups. Among the divisions of social classes, the role of the middle class in Iran's political and social developments has always been considered. This article, which is a descriptive-analytical research, has been written with the aim of explaining the role, position, structure and status of the traditional and new middle class in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Why is the middle class heterogeneous in Iran and what is the role, structure and status of the traditional and new middle class in the developments of the Islamic Republic of Iran, especially from 1997 to 2013? It constitutes the most important question of the present research. Overall, the results of the research show that the traditional and new middle class strata are increasing their role and influence on the political and social developments in the Islamic Republic, but it seems that as we move away from the beginning of the revolution, we see an increase in the role of the new middle class and a decrease We are the traditional middle class role.

Abstract The current research, which is unprecedented in the processes of the academic community, tries to investigate the effects of the transformations emanating from the era of artificial intelligence in the field of foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, so that in this period of time, according to the author's interpretation, Iran's foreign policy has faced a paradigm shift away from classic monologues and soliloquies. The main hypothesis of the present article is that the developments related to the era of data explosion, Iran's foreign policy has played a decisive role in the foreign policy of our country in relation to this structure arising from the patterned development of artificial intelligence. The main argument of the authors is that Iran's data-based approach to the structure of the international system and the attempt to disrupt it plays an effective role in the cross-border vision of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Therefore, when the logic of data dominates the intellectual apparatus and foreign policy of the country, classical views cannot continue and with the beginning of political, economic, military changes, etc., in the artificial post-intelligence state of the algorithmic foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. It should also change the mechanisms of national strategy design.

Abstract The current research has investigated the consequences of Western civilization on Iranians with the descriptive-analytical method and with the library survey tool. The interrelationship of Western civilization with the culture and thinking(worldview) of Westerners led to the most important consequences of the invasion of Western civilization in the culture and worldview of Iranians.The results of the investigations carried out in the current research, on the one hand, confirm the relationship between Western thought, culture and civilization, and on the other hand, it showed that the aforementioned triple connection is not necessarily a linear relationship, and in some cases, the entry is arbitrary and without attention. On the basis of cultural and thinking, the manifestations of Western civilization will form a wave of civilizational changes in the first place and cultural and thinking changes in the next stages.If the Iranian society has faced changes in the field of culture, such as the forgetting of clothes, music, architecture and other Iranian-Islamic civilizational and cultural manifestations, in the first step, with the increase in the appearance of western civilization, and in the second step, changes in the field of worldview. has witnessed

Abstract Undoubtedly, many factors were involved in the victory of the Iranian Islamic Revolution in 1979, the most important of which was the personality and leadership of Imam Khomeini, and even though he was in exile, Imam Khomeini kept in touch with the people, movements, and revolutionary figures through messages, interviews, conversations, and correspondence. They maintained that on this basis, the messages of Imam Khomeini (PBUH), which are published in 21 volumes in a collection titled Imam's Sahifah, constitute an important part of the content of this collection. In fact, the main intellectual and political content and foundations of the Imam (RA) that were influential during the victory of the Islamic Revolution were through interviews and messages in general with foreign media and news agencies that reached the ears of the truth-seeking people of Iran and the rest of the world. A major part of foreign developments and domestic political issues was also in the form of a message from the Imam (RA) as a guide for determining the policies, strategies and strategies of the revolutionaries.

Abstract By examining the development plans and their results in Iran after the revolution, we can say that despite an abundance of natural resources and access to mineral resources of oil and gas, Iran is still not a developed country in the world economically. Therefore, this article delves into the most important structural obstacles to economic development in Iran after the Islamic Revolution. The research approach is qualitative. In terms of purpose, it is applied research. It used library studies to collect information on theoretical foundations and research literature, as well as the background of the research subject. It drew out some indicators that were theoretically relevant to the research and its components and displayed them in a pattern. First, we studied the economic development theories (modernization theory, dependency theory, world system theory, rentier government theory, Rostow's theory, Todaro's theory, and Lewis's development theory), then analyzed the development programs after the Islamic revolution, which include six programs. These programs were not similar and had variations and differences. The research drew a model to achieve economic development according to the review of the theoretical literature of the research on the sociology of the structural obstacles to development in Iran after the Islamic Revolution. It includes political development, reforming monetary and price policies, developing global trade and absorbing capital, reducing the size of the government and strengthening the private economy, increasing productivity, and developing a comprehensive plan for poverty alleviation.

Abstract Equity is one of the most important concepts all over the world. The importance of this issue in Islam is more apparent than other docrines due to Islam's stricter view of justice. The social security system, as and income redistribution tool, plays an important role in realizing justice. However, despite Iran's adherence to international conventions and the existence of numerous upstream documents and laws, according to the general policies of the social security system social welfare announced in Ordibehesht, 1401, it is necessary to develop a desirable social security model with an emphasis on the establishment of a multi-layered social security system. In order to provide the most appropriate social security model, this study tries to reach the most reliable agreement by sampling and collecting the opinions of experts in two categories of managerial fields and experts familiar with the topics of evaluation and ranking, by using Delphi method and aplplying AHP and ANP. Based on the negotiations with the experts and the preferred functions obtained in this study, it has been concluded that in the design of the social security model, economic equity has the first priority from the perspective of Islam and is the most important indicator among the defined indicators. According to the results obtained in this study, it is suggested that the managers in the field of insurance and social security, as well as relevant policymakers, explain and implement the Takaful model based on Islamic economic equity in the insurance sector.

Abstract The issue of cultural security is one of the most important concerns of cultural policymakers, especially the leaders of political systems, through the recognition of threatening factors, with the aim of dealing with cultural threats, especially in the context of globalization and the expansion of virtual space and intermingling of cultures. The purpose of this research is to know the threatening components of cultural security and the ways to deal with it in the thought of Imam Khamenei. The findings of this research show that the components that threaten cultural security from the perspective of the leader of the Islamic Revolution include: destroying religious beliefs, promoting the idea of ​​separating religion from politics, diverting the path of revolution, consumerism, fashionism, cultural invasion, aristocracy, forgetting national identity and the Persian language. , properties of shortsightedness, using cinema to empty the revolution and virtual space as a platform for the emergence of immorality. Imam Khamenei identified ways to improve cultural security as increasing religious zeal, preserving revolutionary beliefs and strengthening revolutionary slogans, explaining jihad, reforming consumption patterns, supporting national production, creating cultural authority, maintaining the spirit of simple living and fighting corruption, promoting religious lifestyle, law As the season of rhetoric, leap of production, enjoining good and forbidding evil, restoring Islamic-Iranian identity, reviving the position of Persian language, cultural work of students and professors, the presence of young people in the field of intellectuals, revival of revolutionary art and religious cinema, and using the opportunity They know virtual space.

Abstract The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between the activity of users in Telegram and Instagram social networks and their political activism in the cities of Tehran as the political-economic capital and Qom as the cultural-religious capital of the country. This study was carried out using a combined method including library study and survey using a questionnaire tool. The validity of the questionnaire was calculated by the face validity method and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha. The statistical population of this research is all members of Telegram and Instagram social networks over 15 years of age who live in Tehran and Qom, and 768 people were selected as a sample using Cochran's sampling formula and using cluster sampling. were selected The results of this research show a significant relationship between the two variables of activity in social networks and political activism of users, and the Spearman statistic at the 95% significance level is 0.24. Currently and based on the statements of the respondents, users are doing conventional political activism. However, if legal channels are closed for political activism, it can be predicted that unconventional methods of activism such as civil disobedience, protests, strikes, etc. will be used by activists.