One of the main issues that has attracted the attention of all analysts from the perspective of historical studies is the issue of how and with what principles Suhrawardi wants to exploit the cultural and intellectual resources of ancient Iran, considering the richness of Iranian history and culture from the past to the present, and explain and analyze these principles in the form of a coherent and modern political thought system. The question is, what impact has Suhrawardi's explanation of the principles and values of the Iranshahri political thought system had on our understanding of governance and justice in this system? It seems that Suhrawardi, using the concept of Illumination Wisdom, explained and interpreted the principles and values of the Iranshahri political thought system in a way that based on it, balanced and fair governance has been introduced as a fundamental principle in politics. The present research is of a fundamental type and has been designed and compiled with a qualitative method and a descriptive-analytical approach and a library-documentary (filing) method. The purpose of this research is to explain Suhrawardi's thought on the political thought system of Iranshahri in ancient Iran. The findings show that Suhrawardi, by combining the wisdom of the Illumination and the cultural heritage of ancient Iran, was able to define the fundamental principles in the field of governance and justice, and was particularly based on moral and spiritual values.