Introduction and Objective: Borders, as dividing lines between countries, play a fundamental role in determining national identity and social security. The border between Iran and Afghanistan requires special attention due to its geographical location and specific security challenges. The aim of the present study is to identify the factors affecting border security and to provide solutions to improve the security situation at this border.

Research Methodology: This study was conducted with an applied objective and a qualitative approach. The target group of the study included experts and specialists in the field of border security in the country. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and theoretical saturation was achieved. The content analysis strategy with latent content analysis tactic was used to analyze the data.

Findings: From the analysis of the interview data, the total number of codes extracted from the content analysis of the interviews was 82. The initial code was identified and introduced in 10 categories and finally 6 solutions based on the experts' views to improve border security in Iran and Afghanistan. These solutions include: international cooperation in combating smuggling, strengthening border surveillance with modern technologies; creating legal routes for migration from Afghanistan to Iran; improving border infrastructure; implementing economic development programs, training and empowering border forces.

Discussion and Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used in macro security and social policies to improve the border security situation and reduce the challenges on the Iran.

Keywords: Border crises, illegal migration, drug trafficking, international cooperation.