Islamic governance and republicanism are two key concepts in the political system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, and the relationship between these two concepts in the Islamic Republic of Iran is what shapes the problem of this research. Clarifying this issue requires a careful balance between religious principles and social needs. The method of this research, which is qualitative and based on library studies, reveals that although one of the main challenges of the combination of Islamic governance and republicanism is the conflict of principles that may lead to conflict in decision-making, how strengthening civil institutions can help increase public participation and strengthen the foundations of popular governance. Legal reforms to align laws with Islamic principles and popular governance can help achieve these common goals so that it is an appropriate and efficient model with implementation capabilities. The Islamic Republic of Iran system, as a unique model, is trying to combine the principles of Islamic governance with the concepts of popular governance and republicanism. This system seeks to create a balance between religious authority and popular will. Examining the commonalities between Islamic governance and republicanism, as well as solving problems and overcoming challenges in the Islamic Republic system, can help to better understand this governance model.