The political participation of university students is one of the key mechanisms for political development and the realization of a democratic political system in Iranian society. Accordingly, the primary objective of this study is to understand and analyze the components that enhance student political participation in the post-Islamic Revolution era in Iran, using the qualitative meta-synthesis method. This research employs an inductive qualitative meta-synthesis approach, covering the period from 1997 to 2024. Through purposive non-probability sampling, 120 scholarly sources were extracted from academic databases including Noormags, Magiran, and IranDoc. After screening and selection, 85 scientific documents were finalized as the sample and subjected to analysis using Excel and Maxqda 2022 software. The results indicate that various factors have contributed to the enhancement of political participation among university students during this period. These include: social factors such as social capital, social reference models, and societal values and norms, as well as participatory family structures; cultural factors including cultural policymaking, the promotion of an Islamic-Iranian lifestyle, religious discourse in universities, and media literacy; political factors such as political development, political culture, political capital, and political governance; psychological factors including internal motivation, self-esteem, and norm-oriented personality; economic factors such as levels of economic capital and economic development; and contextual-demographic factors including level of education, type of employment, and place of residence