scientific journal Political Sociology of the Islamic Revolution

Abstract The place and role of reason in the Quran plays a vital role in understanding Islam’s relationship with modernity and postmodernism. The reason for this is that in many accounts, modernity involves the spread of rationalism in all spheres of life, and the main concern of postmodernism is to deconstruct the assumptions and promises of instrumental reason. This has serious implications for the epistemological relationship between Islam and postmodernism, as well as the postmodern situation as it manifests itself in the socio-political sphere. The main question and focus of this research is the effects of postmodernism on the critical attitude of later Iranian thinkers. Relying on the explanatory method, it can be said that as far as the denial of all major narratives by postmodernists is concerned, the oneness of God and the legitimacy of His religion, His prophets, and His revelation are proclaimed. Therefore, apart from the Holy Quran and the authentic collections of the Prophet's (PBUH) hadiths, two sources whose truth and certainty are established and known without any doubt, a large part of the rest of the great body of Islamic literature based on human thought/interpretations can be subjected to the scrutiny and scrutiny of deconstruction and/or other textual analyses within a broader philosophical and biographical framework using anthropology, psychology, sociology, historicism, etc. e. The intellectual challenges posed by postmodernism in the form of colonialism, evolutionism, rationalism, empiricism, existentialism, agnosticism, individualism, secularism, capitalism, humanism, nihilism, deconstruction and the like can only be answered intellectually and philosophically.

Abstract Political culture means structures, values, attitudes, and feelings towards politics and political behavior in society. Given the importance of political culture, the following research uses the Laclau and Mouffe discourse analysis method to study the political culture of Iranian religious intellectuals after the Islamic Revolution. The statistical population includes 20 texts from five religious intellectuals. The findings show that the central signifier of the discourse of these intellectuals was “critique of political power,” which is articulated with floating signifiers including “freedom,” “human rights,” “dialogue and negation of violence,” “civil society,” and “critique of tradition,” which find meaning within the framework of the central signifier. This discourse is a reflection of a participatory political culture that is based on adherence to modern values such as human rights, pluralism, and critical rationality. Religious intellectuals, emphasizing the compatibility of religion and modernity, seek to redefine the relationship between tradition and modernity in the Iranian political space. The results of the research indicate that this discourse has played an effective role in shaping Iran's political and social developments after the revolution and examines the challenges of advancing political development with a critical and reformist perspective.