scientific journal Political Sociology of the Islamic Revolution

Abstract Today, one of the most influential factors in the economic development of countries is government policy, as governments have historically devoted significant attention to reforming economic structures and achieving development. Following the end of the Iran-Iraq War, the Islamic Republic of Iran has pursued a path of economic development within the framework of the “resistance economy” and has sought to implement this model in its macroeconomic policymaking. The present study, adopting a comparative and documentary approach, seeks to address the fundamental question of how the policies of the three governments—“Construction” (Sazandegi), “Reform” (Eslah), and “Justice-oriented” (Adalat-Mahvari)—differed and converged, and to what extent these policies aligned with the principles of the resistance economy. The findings indicate that, although all three administrations endeavored to realize and implement this paradigm in accordance with the guidelines of the Supreme Leader of the Islamic Revolution, they achieved limited success in its effective and sustainable execution. Based on three key indicators—economic growth, inflation, and the Gini coefficient—the economic performance of these governments faced significant challenges. Consequently, not only were the objectives of the resistance economy only partially achieved, but adverse outcomes, such as an increase in social inequality and disruption of social balance, also emerged within Iranian society.

Abstract Women's political participation has always been one of the challenging issues that political systems have faced in recent decades, and despite the fact that countries have made remarkable progress in this matter and a suitable platform for their presence in the public sphere. provided, some have appeared in the public arena only due to social requirements and especially due to political considerations. For this purpose, the present article aims to investigate the role and political participation of women in the process of political development in the countries of Iran, Afghanistan and Saudi Arabia, and also based on the type and extent of representation of this role and the reasons for the diminution and the partial emphasis of this role, in search of an answer to this The basic question is "what factors have affected the political participation of women in the countries of Iran, Afghanistan and Saudi Arabia in the last two decades (2000-2020)?". This article has investigated the political participation of women in the three mentioned countries with a comparative approach and a descriptive-analytical method. The results indicate that political culture, legal structure and party structure in these three countries have limited women's political participation. And in this regard, against this situation, women have made their political struggles to gain their political and social rights.